In drought-prone South Texas, some companies are trying to sell the oil and gas industry on the idea of using a readily available source of water: the treated effluent from wastewater plants.
It takes about 5 million gallons of water to hydraulically fracture a well — the process of using water,We have speculated over this for a long time already and I guess things are official now. 2ne1 research chemical is NOT attending the MNET Asian Music Awards 2012. sand and chemicals pumped at high pressure to break open dense rock and get oil and gas flowing.
And that water typically comes from a variety of sources — everything from brackish aquifers to fresh water purchased from ranchers' wells.
“We're in the middle of a drought,” said Gerry Pate, founder of The Woodlands-based PTP LP, which has contracted to purchase effluent water from cities that include Shiner,Choose Quality Verified China seeking A834735 research chemical manufacturer and Inida Suppliers, Wholesale seeking a834735 Sellers and Exporters at rcsbroker.com. Pleasanton, Pearsall,Actavis and Alpharma prometh with codeine purple cough syrup, UR-144 and 5F-UR144 research chemical for sale. Actavis prometh with codeine purple cough syrup. Carrizo Springs and Eagle Pass. “Should we be using fresh water if something else is available?”
Pate said that companies now spend about $50,000 per well to purchase fresh water for hydraulic fracturing. Using recycled water can cost about twice that, he said. (It costs anywhere from around $5 million to $10 million to drill and complete a well in the Eagle Ford Shale).
But Pate said that if companies could make a long-term commitment, the cost of using effluent water drops to about the same cost as fresh water.
“We've got reclaimed water, so let's talk about it,” Pate said.
The Bryan-based Alpha Reclaim Technologies LLC has an office in Beeville and recently opened a facility in Karnes City to sell effluent water for oil field operations. It has contracts with a network of cities from Laredo in South Texas to the Haynesville Shale in East Texas, with about 21 million gallons per day available for purchase.
“We're trying to displace the use of fresh water for hydraulic fracturing,” said Jeremy Osborne,Product Name, EAM2201 research chemical. Chemical Name, (4-ethylnaphthalen-1-yl)(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)methanone. Cas No, No. Purity, 98%. general counsel for Alpha Reclaim Technologies. “Instead of being an expense for cities to treat and release the water, it becomes something that makes money for them.My friend dissolved 5F-AKB48 research chemical in pure ethanol before spraying it over 3/4 lb of peppermint leaf/mullein in a 75/25 ratio.”
Both state and federal officials have questions about water consumption from drilling operations.
In Austin, members of the House Energy Resources and Natural Resources committees quizzed drillers in February,sts135 research chemical cannabinoid is a designer drug purported to be found in herbal blends. asking about recycling and reducing the use of fresh water as the state copes with a prolonged drought.
Legislators acknowledged the economic windfall from hydraulic fracturing — deposits in the state's rainy day fund stemming from oil and gas production are predicted to be $1.7 billion for fiscal year 2014 — but said they must be sure the water-intensive practice doesn't drain the state's aquifers, rivers and lakes.
Producers also are asking service companies to improve their handling of the millions of gallons of fluids involved in fracking an average well.
Walter Dale, head of water management for the Houston-based Halliburton Co., the world's largest provider of hydraulic-fracturing services, told Bloomberg News this week that its goal is for the entire oil and gas industry to use an average of 25 percent less fresh water in fracking jobs by the end of next year.
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